The aim of the European Council is that a third of children aged below 3 years should follow the first cycle of pre-primary education.
In March 2002, the European Council established a set of objectives for improving the occupation rate of parents of small children and promoting gender equality in the labour market. One of these objectives consisted of promoting the first pre-school education cycle, so that at least 33% of children aged below 3 years attended it. As shown by the graph, children from underprivileged economic environments attend pre-school centres significantly less: this group is a long way from the target.
The family is important for young people and a reference point for forming
their own. However, a study among young people aged 16 to 32 living in
Spain reveals that only 16% have children.
Poor people have a higher probability of facing additional shortages and a
lower probability of suffering an existing shortage than people who are not
poor.
Having a job is no longer sufficient for escaping poverty. Many households,
especially with children, are experiencing in-work poverty associated with
low wages or periods of inactivity.
33% of pupils with lower economic capacity attend private tuition, in
contrast with 57% of pupils with a higher profile. Differentials in
participation in extracurricular activities in relation to economic
capacity are greater in secondary school.
Is the Learning and Performance Improvement Programme (PMAR) effective for
the prevention of early school leaving? According to this study,
participating in the PMAR increases the probability of obtaining an ESO
qualification by 12%.
Some 23.5% of pupils of immigrant origin leave school in the transition
between compulsory and post-compulsory education. We analyse the
differences by pupils' migration status and sex.