The data are expressed in Purchasing Power Standards (PPS) which allows the elimination of the differences in price levels that exist between countries and facilitates, therefore, a comparison of the GDP that better reflects the economic capacity of the citizens of each country.
The volume of GDP per capita in Purchasing Power Standards is expressed in relation to the average of the European Union (EU-28), which takes the value of 100. Thus, if a country’s index is higher than 100, it means that the GDP per capita level of that country is higher than the average value of the European Union, and vice versa.
The duality between temporary and permanent contracts conditions the labour
market in Spain and causes differences in job security and income. What
impact does this have on people’s redistribution preferences?
Why does Spain present income inequality levels higher than the European
average? Differences in income between age groups and the concentration of
capital among the richest groups are some of the causes.
An experimental analysis of the preferred tax rates for different types of
taxes, across a variety of taxpayer income and inheritance assumptions, and
taking into account people’s perception of their own position in income
distribution.
Spain stands at the head of the countries of the EU-27 in the global
computation of digital society indicators (connectivity, Internet use,
etc). Portugal, however, is situated at the tail end.
Some 29% of Spaniards have a social position above that of their parents,
and over 40% believe they have risen above their grandparents on the social
ladder.