The cheque bebé was a payment designed to incentivise the birth rate, however its effect was limited. Although it helped some families to decide, difficulty in reconciling work and motherhood has continued to be the main obstacle to having more children.

Households in Spain and Portugal underwent significant change between 1991 and 2022. This report shows how the average household size has decreased, the number of single-person households has increased, and shared living structures have undergone transformation according to age and gender.

According to this study, based on the collection of data through mobile phones, sudden mood swings can be clear indications of a person's level of well-being.

The family is important for young people and a reference point for forming their own. However, a study among young people aged 16 to 32 living in Spain reveals that only 16% have children.

Online interactions are no replacement for face-to-face relationships in providing emotional support between young people.