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Shadow education on the Iberian Peninsula

Report

Shadow education on the Iberian Peninsula

February 2026

Education
Bruno P. Carvalho, Pedro Freitas, Susana Peralta, Francisco M. Pereira, Juan Carlos Rodríguez and Mercedes Esteban Villar, Research by the Social Observatory in collaboration with the European Foundation for Society and Education and the Nova School of Business and Economics;

Families resort to private tuition as support for specific educational challenges. However, could such practices increase inequalities? We analyse the data from a sociodemographic perspective in Spain and Portugal.

Resilient schools: excellence in educational centres in contexts of poverty

Report

Resilient schools: excellence in educational centres in contexts of poverty

January 2026

Education
Lucía Cobreros Vicente and Lucas Gortazar, ESADE;

This report analyses how some schools in the Canary Islands (primary schools) and Catalonia (secondary schools) manage to ensure that their students make progress beyond expectations, despite social vulnerability. Using data and fieldwork, we identify resilient schools: those that combine academic excellence with strategies to reduce inequalities.

Teacher influence on school students’ digital media consumption

Article

Teacher influence on school students’ digital media consumption

January 2026

Education
Daniel Barredo Ibáñez, Universidad de Málaga *; Miguel Garcés Prettel, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Colombia; Lucía Caro Castaño, Ana Merchán, Silvia Vega, Universidad de Cádiz; Yanin Santoya-Montes, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Colombia; Jesús Arroyave, Universidad del Norte, Colombia;

Children who perceive positive communication with their teachers tend to make more moderate use of social media and to consume digital contents in a more responsible way. In this sense, in addition to the family and social environment, the school is configured as a key space for promoting healthy digital consumption habits.

School meal subsidies improve pupils’ academic results in Catalan language skills

Article

School meal subsidies improve pupils’ academic results in Catalan language skills

November 2025

Education
Sara Ayllón, Department of Economics, Universitat de Girona, IZA and EQUALITAS; Samuel Lado, Department of Economics, Universitat de Girona and EQUALITAS;

Do subsidised school meals favour linguistic immersion? According to this study, beneficiary students spend more time at school and their socialisation and interaction with classmates who habitually speak Catalan are favoured. 

Training in oral communication failing to make the grade among university students

Article

Training in oral communication failing to make the grade among university students

August 2024

Education
Emma Rodero, Universitat Pompeu Fabra;

Oral communication is a fundamental tool in the academic field as well as in the personal and professional spheres. However, 77.5% of university students claim that they have received no training in oral communication.

Work4Progress by the ”la Caixa” Foundation

Best practices

Work4Progress by the ”la Caixa” Foundation

June 2024

Education

The ”la Caixa” Foundation’s Work4Progress programme aims to go beyond supporting isolated projects, by promoting social innovation platforms for experimentation and systemic change.

Education and its impact on young people’s opportunities

Article

Education and its impact on young people’s opportunities

June 2024

Education
Lígia Ferro, Universidade de Porto; Pedro Abrantes, Universidade Aberta e ISCTE– Instituto Universitário de Lisboa;

What impact does education have on access to the labour market for young people? And on opportunities for social, cultural and sporting participation? We analyse the evolution of educational paths in Portugal and Spain.

The impact of Dual Vocational Education and Training on labour market insertion in Catalonia

Article

The impact of Dual Vocational Education and Training on labour market insertion in Catalonia

August 2023

Education
Samuel Bentolila, CEMFI; Caterina Calsamiglia, IPEG; Marcel Jansen, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid;

Does Dual Vocational Education and Training favour the labour market incorporation of young people? According to this study, Dual VET graduates work more days per year and earn more compared with graduates of Face-to-Face VET programmes.

Private tuition and economic inequality in Spain

Article

Private tuition and economic inequality in Spain

May 2023

Juan Manuel Moreno, UNED; Ángel Martínez, EsadeEcPol;

33% of pupils with lower economic capacity attend private tuition, in contrast with 57% of pupils with a higher profile. Differentials in participation in extracurricular activities in relation to economic capacity are greater in secondary school.

The role of schools in detecting gender violence suffered by children in their homes: what do their teachers say?

Article

The role of schools in detecting gender violence suffered by children in their homes: what do their teachers say?

February 2023

Education
Carme Montserrat, Marta Garcia-Molsosa, Pere Soler, Anna Planas, Edgar Iglesias and Paula Boned, Liberi/ Universitat de Girona;

Sixty-eight per cent of minors who are exposed to gender violence in the home say nothing in the academic setting and teaching staff only perceive it if evident signs of violence exist. How can an effective model for the prevention of sexist violence be drawn up for primary and secondary schools?

There are no results.