Content of education

Gender inequality in paid and unpaid work after the pandemic

Article

Gender inequality in paid and unpaid work after the pandemic

February 2023

Social Inclusion
Lídia Farré, Universitat de Barcelona; Libertad González, Universitat Pompeu Fabra and BSE;

Following the pandemic, 30% of men and 33% of women with children who are minors have been working from home at least one day a week. According to this study, this could favour greater equality in relation to family responsibilities.

Democratic dilemmas posed by the pandemic, one year on

Article

Democratic dilemmas posed by the pandemic, one year on

February 2022

Social Inclusion
Jordi Muñoz, Albert Falcó-Gimeno, Francesc Amat and Andreu Arenas, Universitat de Barcelona;

A threat to public health, such as a pandemic, poses democratic dilemmas. To what extent do citizens accept the restricting of freedoms, the concentration of power, and technocratic logic in decision-making?

Preventing discrimination and social exclusion in Spain

Article

Preventing discrimination and social exclusion in Spain

February 2023

Social Inclusion
Jonas De Keersmaecker y Katharina Schmid, Universitat Ramon Llull y ESADE Business School;

In Spain, not all immigrant groups are perceived equally. According to this study, 35.9% of native Spaniards stated that they have positive contacts with Moroccans, while the figure increased to 59.8% in relation to people of Latin American origin.

A systematic review of the research on rural vulnerability

Article

A systematic review of the research on rural vulnerability

December 2022

Social Inclusion
Sergio Villamayor-Tomas, Francesco Facchini, Daniel Gaitán, Gerard Pocull and Gerard Codina, Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB); Esteve Corbera Elizalde, ICTA-UAB, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA); Federica Ravera, Universitat de Girona (UdG);

This article presents a systematic review of the literature on rural vulnerability research in order to identify the different trends related to the sources of socio-environmental vulnerability in rural Spain.

The impact of gender-based violence on sons and daughters: the role of schools according to the pupils

Article

The impact of gender-based violence on sons and daughters: the role of schools according to the pupils

October 2022

Social Inclusion
Carme Montserrat, Marta Garcia-Molsosa, Pere Soler, Anna Planas, Edgar Iglesias and Paula Boned, Liberi, Universitat de Girona;

Some 93% of children have heard of gender violence. Their preferential source of information is the school setting but, if faced with a situation of gender-based violence, they are unsure whether it would be the place to find help.

How do gender, experience and caseload affect judicial decisions on intimate-partner violence cases?

Article

How do gender, experience and caseload affect judicial decisions on intimate-partner violence cases?

September 2022

Social Inclusion
Joan-Josep Vallbé and Carmen Ramírez-Folch, Department of Political Science, Universitat de Barcelona;

Are male and female judges equally likely to grant restraining orders in cases of gender-based violence? According to this study, gender alone is not a determining factor but it is a key factor, together with experience and caseload.

Do men live in wealthier households than women?

Article

Do men live in wealthier households than women?

August 2022

Social Inclusion
Diederik Boertien, Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics;

Does a gender gap exist in relation to household wealth? According to this study, the difference is more pronounced at advanced ages since, in old age, women have greater probabilities of being widowed and seeing their wealth limited.

Inheritance Tax and Income Tax: how much should people pay?

Article

Inheritance Tax and Income Tax: how much should people pay?

June 2022

Social Inclusion
Luis Miller, Spanish National Research Council; José A. Noguera, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Leire Salazar, UNED;

An experimental analysis of the preferred tax rates for different types of taxes, across a variety of taxpayer income and inheritance assumptions, and taking into account people’s perception of their own position in income distribution.

Can home care for older people be improved?

Article

Can home care for older people be improved?

July 2022

Social Inclusion
Jésica de Armas, Bruno Vieira and Helena Ramalhinho, Universitat Pompeu Fabra;

Home care for elderly people should reconcile healthcare and care linked to social services. This study provides data on the application of a tool to coordinate and optimise these two types of care.

Wage inequality during the pandemic: public subsidies

Article

Wage inequality during the pandemic: public subsidies

May 2022

Social Inclusion
Oriol Aspachs, Alberto Graziano and Josep Mestres, CaixaBank Research; Rubén Durante, José García-Montalvo and Marta Reynal-Querol, Universitat Pompeu Fabra;

What impact has the economic crisis caused by covid-19 had on wage inequality? Have public subsidies been sufficient? We analyse which groups have been most affected.

The role of schools in detecting gender violence

Article

The role of schools in detecting gender violence

February 2023

Education
Carme Montserrat, Marta Garcia-Molsosa, Pere Soler, Anna Planas, Edgar Iglesias and Paula Boned, Liberi/ Universitat de Girona;

Sixty-eight per cent of minors who are exposed to gender violence in the home say nothing in the academic setting and teaching staff only perceive it if evident signs of violence exist. How can an effective model for the prevention of sexist violence be drawn up for primary and secondary schools?

Inequality of opportunity in educational performance in Spain and Europe

Report

Inequality of opportunity in educational performance in Spain and Europe

July 2022

Education
Gabriela Sicilia, ULL; Gustavo A. Marrero, ULL; Juan C. Palomino, University of Oxford;

What lies behind educational inequalities? Factors beyond students’ control (such as gender, background, or parents’ financial or cultural status) explain 32% of the differences in their academic performance.

Vocational Training in Catalonia: academic performance, dual VET, and gender

Article

Vocational Training in Catalonia: academic performance, dual VET, and gender

March 2022

Education
Toni Mora, IRAPP, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; Josep-Oriol Escardíbul, IEB, Universitat de Barcelona; Pilar Pineda-Herrero, EFI, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona;

While women continue to opt for more socially-oriented courses, this report points out that the occupations most necessary in 2030 will be those linked to the digital economy.

Can inclusive citizenship skills be taught while building universities that are more socially engaged?

Article

Can inclusive citizenship skills be taught while building universities that are more socially engaged?

February 2022

Social Inclusion Education
José Luis Álvarez Castillo, Hugo González González, Gemma Fernández Caminero, Luis del Espino Díaz and Carmen María Hernández Lloret, Universidad de Córdoba;

How can empathy and moral principles be encouraged to promote more inclusive citizenship? This experiment was conducted within a university context and we explain its results.

Percentage of population with basic education and higher

Infodata

Percentage of population with basic education and higher

November 2021

Education

Education level in Spain is more polarised than in the rest of the EU. This indicator offers data that demonstrate this..

Percentage of people who, in 2017, were of the opinion that the highest education level they  had achieved was...

Infodata

Percentage of people who, in 2017, were of the opinion that the highest education level they had achieved was...

November 2021

Education

Of the Spanish population, 58% were of the opinion that they had exceeded their father’s education level and 64% thought that they had exceeded their mother’s education level.

Early leavers from education and training reflect social inequalities

Article

Early leavers from education and training reflect social inequalities

June 2021

Education
Maribel García Gracia and Albert Sánchez-Gelabert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona;

What factors increase the likelihood of students dropping out? Poor grades are not the only indicator of early drop-out.

Overeducated and unhappy? Evaluation of the consequences of overeducation

Article

Overeducated and unhappy? Evaluation of the consequences of overeducation

May 2021

Education
Carmen Voces and Miguel Caínzos, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela;

In Spain, 20% of workers are overeducated for the job functions that they perform. This study analyses how this situation reduces satisfaction in the employment sphere.

Remedial education for primary-school children: a useful measure for immigrant pupils?

Article

Remedial education for primary-school children: a useful measure for immigrant pupils?

April 2021

Education
Marisa Hidalgo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide; Marianna Battaglia, Universidad de Alicante;

Do remedial education programmes aimed at students from underprivileged groups work? This study shows that they only manage to benefit immigrant pupils if the proportion of them in the school group does not exceed 50%.

Does working while studying influence graduate employability?

Article

Does working while studying influence graduate employability?

April 2021

Antonio Di Paolo and Alessia Matano, AQR-IREA, University of Barcelona;

Is it possible to secure better employment by working prior to obtaining a university qualification? This analysis shows that it is, but only if the job is related to the degree’s content.

Are policies designed to prevent early school leaving working in Spain?

Article

Are policies designed to prevent early school leaving working in Spain?

March 2021

Javier Mato Díaz, Ángel Alonso Domínguez, Rosario González Arias and Israel Escudero Castillo, Universidad de Oviedo;

Is the Learning and Performance Improvement Programme (PMAR) effective for the prevention of early school leaving? According to this study, participating in the PMAR increases the probability of obtaining an ESO qualification by 12%.

The transition to post-compulsory education among students of immigrant origin in Catalonia

Article

The transition to post-compulsory education among students of immigrant origin in Catalonia

February 2021

Education Social Inclusion
Jordi Bayona-i-Carrasco, Serra Hunter Professor, Dep. Geography (Universitat de Barcelona) and CERCA; Andreu Domingo, CERCA;

Some 23.5% of pupils of immigrant origin leave school in the transition between compulsory and post-compulsory education. We analyse the differences by pupils' migration status and sex.

Why are there more early school leavers among migrant-background young people?

Article

Why are there more early school leavers among migrant-background young people?

February 2021

Education Social Inclusion
Silvia Carrasco, Jordi Pàmies, Laia Narciso and Angelina Sánchez, (EMIGRA – CER-Migracions, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona);

What role must teachers play to combat early leaving from education and training of young people of foreign origin? This study shows that their support is key and that they must count on the necessary resources for guiding pupils.

Do fathers spend more time with their children than they used to?

Article

Do fathers spend more time with their children than they used to?

January 2021

Tomás Cano, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt and Universitat Pompeu Fabra;

According to this study, in comparison with the year 2002, in 2010 there was an increase in the time that mothers, and even more so fathers, devoted to their children. Despite this, the gender gap persists.

How does parents’ education influence internet use by their children?

Article

How does parents’ education influence internet use by their children?

September 2020

Education
Dulce Manzano and María Fernández-Mellizo, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Adapted by: Sílvia Galilea and Carina Bellver (StoryData);

The digital divide reduces equal opportunities for citizens. This article examines the reasons for this based on the analysis of ICT use patterns among Spanish compulsory secondary-school students.  

Methodological Appendix

Section

Methodological Appendix

July 2020

Education

Would you like to know how we calculated these indicators? View the Methodological Appendix.

The situation in Europe

Section

The situation in Europe

July 2020

Education

The level of segregation by social background at Spanish schools is high in comparison with the European context. Other indicators, such as the early school leaving rate and the mastery of a foreign language, also situated us at worse levels than the European average.

Public Policies

Section

Public Policies

July 2020

Education

Spain is one of the countries in the European Union that spends the least on education. The greatest gap in the investment of resources per student occurs in the university sphere.

The situation in Spain

Section

The situation in Spain

July 2020

Education

At present, some 60% of Spanish people aged between 25 and 64 years have an intermediate level of education (High School, Vocational Training, or similar). Even so, early school leaving rates continue to be a concern in the country.

Executive summary and conclusions

Section

Executive summary and conclusions

July 2020

Education

The welfare of the population is very much related with its possibilities for access to education. The Spanish education system is characterised by having high levels of access at early ages.

There are no results.