Portugal, together with Denmark, is an exception within the framework of the EU-27 and has percentages of women scientists and engineers that slightly exceed the European average.

Spain and Portugal are situated above the European average in percentage of women researchers in all sectors considered, although the lowest participation corresponds to the business sector and the highest, to the governmental sector.

Who publishes most: men or women? The percentage of women that publish in the STEM areas in Spain and Portugal is higher than the European average, which reflects that the proportion of women researchers in the academic sector, in turn, exceeds the European average.

Who invents most: men or women?  The proportion in Spain is one in every five inventors and in Portugal, one in every four. Do they exceed the European average?

While women continue to opt for more socially-oriented courses, this report points out that the occupations most necessary in 2030 will be those linked to the digital economy.

This indicator offers a view of the distribution of university research work between men and women. Women represent just 21% of chair professors.

Increasingly, certain areas of research – such as biomedicine – incorporate the sex and gender dimension into their projects. However, despite its relevance, this question continues to be a pending assignment in the majority of cases.